Abstract
Abstract I determined composition and regeneration of balsam fir stands during June 1991 at four sites in Canaan Valley, West Virginia. White-tailed deer had heavily browsed balsam fir, and regeneration did not appear adequate to replace the stands. There was an apparent correlation between relative deer abundance, as measured by numbers of pellet groups, and balsam fir regeneration. The site with the most deer had the fewest balsam fir seedlings (5/ac), and the site with the fewest deer had the most balsam fir seedlings (1040/ac). Balsam fir will probably be replaced by red spruce, one of the few tree species not commonly browsed by deer. North. J. Appl. For. 9(3):89-90.
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