Impact of cytoreductive nephrectomy on disease-specific survival (DSS) in the cytokine and targeted therapy eras: Age- and TNM-stage matched analysis of SEER data.

Abstract

4579 Background: The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) for patients with mRCC was well-defined in the cytokine era. However, its role is controversial in the era of targeted therapies. Methods: The Survival, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Database was queried to compare the relative benefit of CN in the cytokine era (defined as 1992-2004) as compared to the targeted therapy era (defined as 2005-2009). Patients with mRCC and clear cell, papillary or chromophobe histology were identified, and divided into cohorts with and without CN. Within each category, patients diagnosed during the cytokine era were matched by age and TNM stage to patients diagnosed during the targeted therapy era. Associations between clinicopathologic characteristics and DSS were explored through univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Amongst matched pts who had received CN (n=2,218), no significant differences in age, gender, race, histology (clear cell v non-clear cell), T-stage, or N-stage were observed. Median DSS was superior in those patients diagnosed during the targeted therapy era as compared to the cytokine era (22 mos v 17 mos, P<0.0001). On multivariate analysis including the aforementioned clinicopathologic variables and DSS, diagnosis during the targeted therapy era was an independent predictor of improved survival amongst patients who had received CN (HR 0.78, 95%CI 0.70-0.87; P<0.0001). Amongst matched pts who had not received CN (n=4,214), there were no differences in clinicopathologic characteristics. Median DSS was similar in patients diagnosed during the targeted therapy era as compared to the cytokine era within this group (4 mos for each; P=NS). Conclusions: Patients who received CN during the targeted therapy era had a superior DSS as compared to patients who received the procedure during the cytokine era. In contrast, patients who had not received CN had a similar DSS across both time periods. While prospective trials mature (i.e., CARMENA and EORTC 30073), these data support the continued use of CN in the context of targeted agents.