Abstract
A series of Cr3+-substituted Mn-Ni–Zn ferrites; Mn0.5Ni0.1Zn0.4Fe2-xCrxO4 (x = 0.0 - 0.4 in a step of 0.1) were prepared by traditional solid-state reaction route. The structural, magnetic, dielectric properties and impedance spectroscopy of these compositions were studied. Phase identification and lattice constant (a0) determination were carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD patterns established the fabrication of a single-phase spinel structure. The FESEM micrographs exposed that the average grain size () increased slightly with chromium (Cr) substitution and then decreased for a higher concentration of chromium in the composition. The real part of initial permeability () diminished owing to the enhanced porosity of the compositions with the increase of Cr3+ content in the composition. The highest relative quality factor (RQF) was attained for the samples with x = 0.1. The magnetic hysteresis was investigated to know the effect of Cr3+ substitution in the composition of the magnetic properties. The decrease of saturation magnetization (Ms) with an enhancement in Cr3+ might be triggered by switching of Fe3+ ions from octahedral to tetrahedral site. The samples with x = 0.1 exhibited the highest anisotropy constant (K). Curie temperatures of the investigated samples were significantly modified to lower temperatures with the Cr3+ content. The frequency characteristics of dielectric properties and impedance spectroscopy had been investigated. The highest dielectric constant (ε') and resistivity were observed for x = 0.1 and x = 0.2 samples. The complex impedance spectra analysis reveals in-depth information about the conduction mechanism, microstructure, and orientation of the grains in the samples.
Highlights
During the last few decades, ferrites are materials of great interest owing to their notable magnetoelectric properties
The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns established the fabrication of a single-phase spinel structure
A Hopkinson peak was obtained near Tc in the real part of the initial permeability vs. temperature curves
Summary
During the last few decades, ferrites are materials of great interest owing to their notable magnetoelectric properties. They have tetrahedral A-site and octahedral B-sites in the AB2O4 crystal lattice. These materials exhibit diverse magnetic and electrical properties subject to their cation distribution of the chemical compositions. Sivakumar et al [1] studied the effect of milling, grain size, frequency, and temperature on the dielectric properties of nanocrystalline Ni-Zn ferrites. They found an unusual rise in dielectric loss with milling resulting from increased electrical conductivity due to oxygen vacancies introduced upon milling. Rezlescu et al studied the effect of divalent ions [7] and rare earth ions [8] on the structural, magnetic and electric properties of Ni-Zn ferrites
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