Abstract
Introduction: Some studies have highlighted the effect of COVID-19 infection on the quality of sleep; however, the data is limited. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of insomnia in patients who recently recovered from the COVID-19 infection to evaluate the prevalence and extent of its impact.Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted from January 2021 to March 2021. A total of 500 patients admitted to the intensive care unit or isolation unit of COVID-19 were included in the study at the time of their discharge. The pre-COVID-19 sleep quality of the participants was inquired using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Post-COVID sleep quality was assessed at a 30-day follow-up. Sleep quality was considered poor if the global score was ≥5. Participants that failed to follow up were not included in the study.Results: The mean PSQI score was significantly higher in the post-COVID-19 group compared to the pre-COVID-19 group (6.28 ± 2.11 vs. 3.22 ± 0.80; p-value <0.0001). The percentage of participants with a PSQI score of ≥5 was significantly higher in the post-COVID-19 group compared to the pre-COVID-19 group (45.1% vs. 12.1%; p-value <0.0001).Conclusion: Insomnia has a significant prevalence in recovered COVID-19 patients after 30 days of follow-up. Hence, patients need to be counseled to follow up in case they experience poor sleep. To avoid the long-term negative impact on patients experiencing insomnia, timely identification and treatment are important.
Highlights
Some studies have highlighted the effect of COVID-19 infection on the quality of sleep; the data is limited
445 of the 500 discharged post-COVID-19 patients were enrolled in the study after excluding the 55 patients that were lost to follow-up
Patients were followed up 30 days after their recovery from COVID-19 (Table 1)
Summary
Some studies have highlighted the effect of COVID-19 infection on the quality of sleep; the data is limited. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory illness that resulted in an outbreak in December 2019 and progressed to pose a global pandemic. This virus is one of the six species under a family of enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses known as the Coronaviridae [1]. The majority of the mild to moderate categories of COVID-19 infections last for 11.5 ± 5.7 days in duration [6]. Another symptom that is rarely studied is insomnia post-COVID-19. Insomnia and decreased quality of sleep in COVID-19 patients may be due to physical pain and side effects of medications administered for the treatment of the virus [8]
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