Abstract
Coal mining plays a key role in developing the economic backbone of many developing countries, such as India, although on a local scale. Coal mining industries enormously influence the surrounding environments and livelihoods. An open cast coal mine severely enhances the dust particles in the local atmosphere over time and in turn, affects the fertility of the surrounding lands. Additionally, the socio-economic conditions of the local community go through a massive perturbation due to land acquisition, migration of people and insecurity of jobs. In this present work, an effort has been made to understand the effect of open cast coal mining on the diverse livelihoods of the rural community in Barjora colliery area of West Bengal. The livelihood pattern of the local community has significantly changed from pre-mining to post-mining, such as in agriculture sector, the work participation rate has reduced from 62% to 3%, and at present, about 55% people are now engaged in the mining sector. The immediate effect helped to increase the financial capacity of rural people. However, the upward socio-economic condition is not sustainable for the long-term. The discontinuity in coal extraction is also the major cause for the job insecurity and vulnerability in socio-economic life.
Highlights
Each resource based developmental work provides better infrastructure and economic improvement of the locality
Modern-day open cast coal mining shares maximum concentration in India— it is about 92.74% of the total coal production in the country (CMPDI, 2016)
Barjora colliery lies in the southeastern part of the Raniganj coalfield governed by West Bengal Mineral Development Corporation Limited (WBMTDC)
Summary
Each resource based developmental work provides better infrastructure and economic improvement of the locality. The coal mining industry generates colossal measures of revenue and electricity for the country It gives around 30% of the worldwide essential vitality need and 41.1% of the world's power utilisation. Modern-day open cast coal mining shares maximum concentration in India— it is about 92.74% of the total coal production in the country (CMPDI, 2016). It influences the economic development and it has an adverse effect on the surrounding ecology as well as familiar to perturb the livelihoods of the local inhabitants (Kitula, 2004). Barjora colliery lies in the southeastern part of the Raniganj coalfield governed by West Bengal Mineral Development Corporation Limited (WBMTDC)
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