Impact of Climate Variability to Aquatic Productivity and Fisheries Resources in Jepara Waters

Abstract

Annual climate variability which is monsoon and inter-annual climate variabilities which are ENSO (El Niño Southern Oscillation) and IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) affect the processes of aquatic productivity in the sea. Enrichment processes such as upwelling, river runoff, and mixing that occurs in the waters area cannot be separated from the influence of climate variability. Each of these waters has different responses to climate variability. Enrichment variability on the marine areas has affected to the fluctuations of fisheries abundance of both seasonal and inter-annual, so there are times in a given year occurred season and abundance of fish in another famine fish. This study aimed to assess the effect of climate variability (monsoon, ENSO, and IOD) on aquatic productivity, fish catches, and time of fish season in the waters of Jepara using descriptive methods. Variability of aquatic productivity was determined based on indicators of chlorophyll-a MODIS satellite imagery. The results of the study showed that the monsoon is the most influence on aquatic productivity and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) in Jepara waters. High productivity occurs in the west and east season. In particular, the highest productivity generally occurs in the east. Harvesting of fish in the waters of Jepara occur in transitional season I (March-May) and Transition II season (September-November), there are lag time 1-3 month after highest peak of chlorophyll-a. The fish lean season occurs in the west, generally months from December to January. Interannual climate variability ENSO and IOD showed that significant affect to SST and fish productivity. When El Nino-positive IOD event impact decrase of SST and highest fisheries productivity.