Abstract
India is the seventh largest country of the world. In India temperature will increase 3oC to 6oC and rainfall will increase 15-30% in 21 Centaury. While the global surface temperature is projected to increase by 1-4oC from 2100 for low emission scenario and 2.5-5.8oC for higher emission scenario in the atmosphere. This Paper has been prepared with the objects of provide key information on the impacts of climate on Indian agriculture. The greenhouses gas emissions increases day by day in the atmosphere from the many sources such as industrial sources crop production and fossil fuel combustion. These are the major sources for the climate change. The global increases in carbon dioxide concentration are due primarily to fossil fuel use and land use change, while those of methane and nitrous oxide are primarily due to agriculture. Currently Available general circulation models (GCMs) suggest that the area-averaged annual mean warming would be about 3°C in the decade of the 2050s and about 5°C in the decade of the 2080s over the land regions of Asia as a result of future increases in atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases. In Rajasthan, a 2°C rise in temperature was estimated to reduce production of pearl millet by 10-15 per cent (Y S Ramakrishna et al.,). The state of Madhya Pradesh, where soybean is grown on 77 per cent of all agricultural land, could dubiously benefit from an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
Highlights
The unimpeded growth of greenhouse gas emissions is raising the earth’s temperature
For higher emission scenarios of green house gases in the atmosphere.The atmosphere surrounding the earth is made up of nitrogen (78%), oxygen (21%) and the remaining 1%, is made up of trace gases that include argon, carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide
The global increases in carbon dioxide concentration are due primarily to fossil fuel use and land use change, while those of methane and nitrous oxide are primarily due to agriculture
Summary
The unimpeded growth of greenhouse gas emissions is raising the earth’s temperature. The consequences include the atmosphere will eventually lead to changes in the global climate, and in the climates of regions around the world, melting glaciers, more precipitation, more and more extreme weather events, and shifting seasons and will threaten to food security everywhere (IFPRI,2009). Available general circulation models (GCMs) suggest that the area-averaged annual mean warming would be about 3°C in the decade of the 2050s and about 5°C in the decade of the 2080s over the land regions of Asia as a result of future increases in atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases. The projections are average of six general circulation model (GCM) predictions for climate change as temperature and precipitation pattern over the year detected (cline, 2007) for different regions of the country indicate in table 1 and The world Resources Institute estimates of GHG emissions from the world, India as a whole. The projections are average of six GCM predictions (Source: Cline, 2007) Table 2: Greenhouse gas emissions, 2004 estimates (million mt, COe)
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