Impact of cellular CD71 (transferrin receptor 1) expression in Egyptian acute leukemia: correlation with clinicopathologic features

Abstract

Cellular transferrin receptor 1 (CD71) has been identified as a proliferation marker. Inferior outcome with higher expression was observed in many solid tumors. This study objected to assess the expression of CD71 in patients with acute leukemia and to address its prognostic significance and relations to clinicopathologic features. The study included 34 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and 64 acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) newly diagnosed cases from Mansoura Oncology Center. CD71 was analyzed on blast cells by flow cytometry. CD71 expression was significantly elevated in both AML and ALL. Antigen expression apparently increased in T-ALL, while in AML there was a trend toward a gradual increase of antigen expression in relation to maturation evidence of myeloid subtypes. CD71 expression correlated positively with total leukocyte count in ALL cases and negatively with platelet count in AML cases. In ALL, higher CD71 expression was associated with higher relapse rate and was an independent prognostic factor of overall survival (HR 1.8; 95 % CI 1.2–4.1). In conclusion, CD71 is overexpressed in acute leukemia; it predicts adverse clinical outcome in ALL. In addition, CD71 antagonism could be a possible therapeutic target in acute leukemia.