Abstract
Control of diabetes is a constant challenge and natural remedies are being searched along with modern medicine. The effectiveness of cinnamon in managing it lacks consensus. Besides this, earlier trials had a variant in the type of product they used, quantity, duration, the form of molecules, etc. So, we aimed to measure the impact of cassia ground bark powder consumption, 1-2 gm/day for 90 days, in lowering plasma glucose and lipids among those with type 2 diabetes.The authors searched the PubMed, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Clinical Key, Ovid, and Scopus databases and the Cochrane Central Register (last search December 30, 2020) with the MeSH terms and keywords of cinnamon, cassia cinnamon, Chinese cinnamon, and type 2 diabetes mellitus to conclude the effects of cassia cinnamon on diabetes based on the evidence of human clinical trials that reported at least one of the following: glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C), fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).Weighted mean differences were calculated by using the random-effect model of RevMan software (The Cochrane Collaboration, London, UK), and the pooled analysis found an insignificant reduction of the outcome variable (p>0.05).
Highlights
BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is an incurable metabolic disease, well-known as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the adult age group globally [1]
The trial by Khan et al evaluated three altered doses of C. cassia and compared each with its parallel placebo [7] but we have considered one dose among three (1 gm. per day) as per the present manuscript inclusion criteria
During the analysis of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), only four trials had been involved because there was a mistake in putting the value of HDL in the studies done by Khan et al [7] and Blevins SM [9]
Summary
BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is an incurable metabolic disease, well-known as a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among the adult age group globally [1]. Though there are several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) where cinnamon has been studied for its glycemic and lipid-lowering effects, they ended up showing conflicting results. There was very little similarity between studies regarding the use of a specific type of cinnamon, e.g. cinnamon zeylanicum vs cassia; using part of it (leaves, bark, or root); the form of molecules, e.g. ground bark, water, or alcohol extract; the presence of an active compound, e.g. cinnamaldehyde or polyphenol; given doses, which varied from 0.5 to 6 gm; duration of treatment, e.g. one to three months; target population and sample size of experiments. An updated meta-analysis of RCTs sharing similarities in the above factors was planned for evaluating a specific cinnamon effect (cassia cinnamon) on the glycemic and lipid profile among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review aims to conclude the question with quantitative synthesis from available scientific experimental data, revealed literature, and current evidence
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