Abstract
BackgroundPostoperative Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is accepted to contribute to the occurrence of AKI and is of particular importance as it can be avoided by using the off-pump technique. However the renoprotective properties of off-pump (CABG) are controversial. This analysis evaluates the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass on renal function.MethodsA matched-pair analysis of 1428 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting was conducted. The patients were stratified according to their preoperative renal function and to risk factors for postoperative AKI. The development of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from before surgery until hospital discharge was analyzed. Incidence of AKI were analyzed. Furthermore the impact of CPB duration on postoperative GFR was assessed.ResultsThe occurrence of AKI increases the risk of thirty-day mortality (odds ratio of 4.3). The postoperative GFR decreases significantly after coronary artery bypass grafting but does not differ between onpump and offpump CABG (60.2 ± 24.5 vs 60.7 ± 24.8; p = 0.54). No difference regarding the incidence (26.6% vs 25%) and severity of AKI between cardiopulmonary bypass and the off-pump technique could be found. Duration of cardiopulmonary bypass does not correlate with the decline in postoperative glomerular filtration rate (Pearson Product Moment Correlation; p > 0.050).ConclusionNeither the mere use nor duration of cardiopulmonary bypass proofed to be a risk factor for developing postoperative AKI in CABG patients with a comparable preoperative risk profile for postoperative renal dysfunction. Furthermore, the severity of postoperative AKI is not affected by the use of cardiopulmonary bypass.
Highlights
Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality
There were no significant differences with regard to gender, age, prevalence of diabetes, congestive heart failure, additive Euroscore, chronic kidney disease, and preoperative renal function as measured by serum creatinine and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (Table 1)
In terms of thirty-day mortality there were no differences between the Off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) and the conventional coronary bypass (CCB) group
Summary
Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a common complication associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The renoprotective properties of off-pump (CABG) are controversial This analysis evaluates the impact of cardiopulmonary bypass on renal function. Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most frequent and serious complications following coronary artery bypass grafting. Depending on the specific definition, acute kidney injury occurs in up to 30% of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting [1]. Incidence and severity of AKI were assessed by analyzing OPCAB versus conventional coronary bypass (CCB) grafting.
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