Abstract
This paper addresses the impact of California phase 2 reformulated gasoline (RFG) on the composition and reactivity of motor vehicle exhaust and evaporative emissions. Significant changes to gasoline properties that occurred in the first half of 1996 included an increase in oxygen content; decreases in alkene, aromatic, benzene, and sulfur contents; and modified distillation properties. Vehicle emissions were measured in a San Francisco Bay Area roadway tunnel in summers 1994−1997; gasoline samples were collected from local service stations in summers 1995 and 1996. Equilibrium gasoline headspace vapor composition was calculated from measured liquid gasoline composition. Addition of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and reduction of alkenes and aromatics in gasoline between summers 1995 and 1996 led to corresponding changes in the composition of gasoline headspace vapors. Normalized reactivity of liquid gasoline and headspace vapors decreased by 23 and 19%, respectively. Ozone formation should be reduced bec...
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