Abstract
ObjectivesTo assess if (I) the alveolar bone defect configuration at dental implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis is related to clinical parameters at the time of surgical intervention and if (II) the outcome of surgical intervention of peri-implantitis is dependent on defect configuration at the time of treatment.Materials and methodsIn a prospective study, 45 individuals and 74 dental implants with ≥ 2 bone wall defects were treated with either an autogenous bone transplant or an exogenous bone augmentation material. Defect fill was assessed at 1 year.ResultsAt baseline, no significant study group differences were identified. Most study implants (70.7%, n = 53) had been placed in the maxilla. Few implants were placed in molar regions. The mesial and distal crestal width at surgery was greater at 4-wall defects than at 2-wall defects (p = 0.001). Probing depths were also greater at 4-wall defects than at 2-wall defects (p = 0.01). Defect fill was correlated to initial defect depth (p < 0.001). Defect fill at 4-wall defects was significant (p < 0.05).Conclusions(I) The buccal-lingual width of the alveolar bone crest was explanatory to defect configuration, (II) 4-wall defects demonstrated more defect fill, and (III) deeper defects resulted in more defect fill.
Highlights
Peri-implantitis is a complication following replacement of teeth using dental implants
The objectives of the present study were to assess if (I) the alveolar bone defect configuration at dental implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis is related to clinical parameters at the time of surgical intervention and if (II) the outcome of surgical intervention of peri-implantitis is dependent on defect configuration at the time of treatment
During the 1-year follow-up, no implants were lost, no emergency treatment was performed on implants, and no antibiotics or antiinflammatory medications were prescribed beyond what was part of the study protocol
Summary
Peri-implantitis is a complication following replacement of teeth using dental implants. According to the existing definition of periimplantitis, the condition is always associated with bone loss exceeding the loss of bone resulting from remodelling [2]. Definitions of the topography of alveolar bone lesions associated with bone defects at dental implants have been presented [3,4,5]. The defect morphology has been reported to influence the healing potential following reconstructive therapy of peri-implantitis [3]. Resective surgery may be used for the elimination of peri-implant lesions, whereas reconstructive therapies may be applied to obtain defect fill [5, 6]. In a recent meta-analysis, the authors concluded that the evidence was limited, the use of grafting material and barrier membranes may contribute to a better reduction of probing depth and more evidence of defect fill [8]
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