Abstract
Ultrasound-measured inferior vena cava (IVC) and abdominal aorta (Ao)-associated parameters have been used to predict volume status for decades, yet research focusing on the impact of individual physical characteristics, including gender, height/weight, body surface area (BSA), and age, assessed simultaneously on those parameters in Chinese children is lacking. The aim of the present study was to explore the impact of individual characteristics on maximum IVC diameter (IVCmax), Ao, and IVCmax/Ao in healthy Chinese children. From September to December 2015, 200 healthy children from 1 to 13 years of age were enrolled. IVCmax and Ao diameters were measured by 2D ultrasound. We found that age (years), height (cm), weight (kg), waist circumference (cm), and BSA (m2) were positively correlated with IVCmax and Ao. Multivariate linear regression showed that age was the only independent variable for IVCmax (mm) in female children, height was the only independent variable for IVCmax in male children, and age was the only independent variable for Ao in both females and males. IVCmax/Ao was not significantly influenced by the subjects’ characteristics. In conclusion, IVCmax and Ao were more susceptible to subjects’ characteristics than IVCmax/Ao. IVCmax/Ao could be a reliable and practical parameter in Chinese children as it was independent of age, height, and weight.
Highlights
Diarrheal diseases and associated complications are major worldwide health threats to children, especially children under the age of 5 [1]
Height, weight, waist, and body surface area (BSA) were negatively correlated with IVCmax/Ao among all participants and females, while age, height, weight, and BSA were negatively correlated with IVCmax/Ao only among males
We investigated the impact of individual characteristics on IVCmax/Ao, IVCmax, and Ao diameter in 200 healthy Chinese children
Summary
Diarrheal diseases and associated complications are major worldwide health threats to children, especially children under the age of 5 [1]. The inferior vena cava/abdominal aorta ratio (IVCmax/Ao) was first introduced to identify severe dehydration in 2007 by Chen [14], and it was later validated by other two studies in 2010 [10,15]. These two studies pointed out that an IVCmax/Ao of less than about 1.2 does not indicate severe dehydration in children with symptoms of gastroenteritis. Levine et al [15] found that IVCmax/Ao was associated with volume status, it was not accurate enough to predict dehydration in children under 5 years of age. Different results might be related to different age groups, and studies focusing on the impact
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