Abstract
ABO blood groups have been implicated as potential risk factors for various diseases. However, no study has investigated the association between sepsis mortality and ABO blood types. We aimed to evaluate the impact of these blood types on mortality in patients with sepsis and septic shock. This retrospective observational study was conducted at two general hospitals in Japan. Patients diagnosed with sepsis or septic shock were included and divided into four groups based on blood type (O, A, B, and AB). The association between type O vs. other types and 28- and 90-day mortalities was evaluated using multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, and Sequential (Sepsis-related) Organ Failure Assessment score. This study included 415 patients, of whom 131 (31.6%), 171 (41.2%), 81 (19.5%), and 32 (7.7%) had type O, A, B, and AB, respectively. Blood type O was not associated with 28-day (odds ratio: 1.7 p = 0.08) or 90-day mortality (odds ratio: 1.53, p = 0.091). However, type O was significantly associated with higher 90-day mortality (odds ratio: 3.26, p = 0.009) in patients with septic shock. The role of ABO blood type in risk stratification for septic shock and the mechanisms that potentially affect the prognosis of sepsis patients need further investigation.
Highlights
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction induced by a dysregulated host reaction to infection [1], and it is reportedly the most common cause of death in hospitalized patients [2]
The ABO blood types are determined by glycans that are displayed on the surfaces of erythrocytes and other cells [4]
The study population was divided based on the ABO blood types: 131 patients with type O (31.6%); 171 with type A (41.2%); 81 with type B (19.5%); and 32 with type AB (7.7%)
Summary
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction induced by a dysregulated host reaction to infection [1], and it is reportedly the most common cause of death in hospitalized patients [2]. A clear and easy-to-use risk stratification model is important because sepsis patients need immediate therapeutic intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality. The ABO blood types are determined by glycans that are displayed on the surfaces of erythrocytes and other cells [4]. The ABO blood typing is widely used in clinical practice, and associations between blood type and disease have been studied since the early 1900s [5,6,7,8]. Recent studies suggest that blood type O is a potential risk factor for cancer, myocardial infarction, acute kidney injury, venous thromboembolism, trauma, and gastrointestinal bleeding [9,10,11,12,13,14]. To the best of our knowledge, the prognostic value of ABO blood typing in sepsis has not been reported
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