Impact of Biotic and Abiotic Factors on the Population Dynamics of Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) and Tetranychus urticae (Koch) Infested Tomato Plant Lycopersicon esculentum L. at kafr El sheikh Governorate

Afaf Abasse ,A Naema ,A Saif El-Yazal Sawsan ,H Abd-El Wahab ,M Mohammed

doi:10.21608/eajbsa.2018.17731

Abstract

Impact of abiotic (minimum–maximum temperatures andrelative humidity) and biotic factors ( Coccinella undecimpunctata, Syrphus corollae , Amblyseius swirskii, Nesidiocoristenuis and Chrysoperla carnea) on the population dynamicsof Bemisiatabaci (Genn.) and Tetranchys urticae (Koch) infesting tomato plant Lycopersiconesculentum L. at kafr El sheikhgovernorate, Egypt were studied on spring plantation of 2016 &2017 seasons. The analysis ofvariance revealed significant variation among dates of observations, lines andin their interaction for B. tabaci(Genn.), T. urticae (Koch) and their natural enemies. The mean number ofB. tabaci and T. urticaeduring the first season was higher than that was recorded during the secondseason. The percentage of explained variance (E.V.) of abiotic andbiotic altogether in the population densities of B.tabaci and T. urticae in the first season was stronger percentagevalues than second as (62% - 86%) and (94% - 77%) for eggs and nymphsof B.tabaci while (84% _ 77%) and (84% -98%) and for eggs and movable stages of T.urticae during spring of plantation 2016 &2017 seasons, respectively.

Highlights

Tomato Solanum lycopersicum Milles is the 3rd most economically important vegetable crop after potato and onion
This study aimed to evaluate the population fluctuation of certain pests infesting tomato plant Lycopersicon esculentum L. and the combined effects of principle abiotic & biotic factors on the population dynamics of these pests
Population Fluctuations of Certain Pests Infesting Tomato Plant Lycopersicon Esculentum L. : Spring Plantation of 2016&2017 Season: 1. Bemisia tabaci (Genn.): The infestation of tomato plants with B. tabaci was expressed as the number of eggs laid, number of nymphs and pupae/leaf, recorded at weekly intervals, applying the plant sample counting technique

Summary

Introduction

Tomato Solanum lycopersicum Milles is the 3rd most economically important vegetable crop after potato and onion. Tomato is a dietary source of vitamins especially A and C, minerals and fibres, which are important for human nutrition and health. Tomatoes are the richest source of lycopene, a phytochemical that protects cell from oxidants that have been linked to human cancer (Giovannuci, 1999 and Mutanen et al, 2011). Tomatoes are hosts of wide varieties of pests, between 100 and 200 species are reported to attack tomatoes worldwide (Lange and Bronson, 1981) such as Leafminer pests; Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) Phthotimaea operculella (Zeller) and Liriomyza Trifolii (Burgess), sap sucking pests; Bemsia tabaci Genn., Aphis gossypii Glov., Myzus persicae (Sulzer) Pseudococcus solenopsis Tinsley, Tetranychus urticae Koch and Aculops lycopersici Massee and army worms; Helicovepra zea (Bod), Agrotis ipsilon (Haf) and spodoptera littoralis (Biosd) All these pests attack all tomato plant parts causing directly reduction in growth or death feeding or indirectly by transmission of many vectoring diseases Shaheen (1977) Gravena (1984) Kirk et al (1993) Obopile et al (2008) Harizanova et al (2009) Erler et al (2010) Pokle and Abhishek (2016)

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