Impact of Biogas and Waste Fats Methyl Esters on NO, NO2, CO, and PM Emission by Dual Fuel Diesel Engine

Wojciech Golimowski,Grzegorz Wałowski,Weronika Gracz,Damian Marcinkowski,Paweł Krzaczek

doi:10.3390/su11061799

Abstract

The aim of this study was to perform a comparative analysis of the unit gas emission value in the exhaust of a dual fuel diesel engine. The results of the effects of a diesel engine’s applications in biogas plants and the method for calculating mass gas emissions per unit of produced electricity are shown. The test was performed using a two-cylinder, naturally aspirated, liquid-cooled diesel engine. The diesel engine powered a generator connected to the grid. The engine was fed with liquid fuels—waste cooking oil methyl ester (UCOME) and diesel fuel (DF)—and with a gas fuel, biogas (BG). The engine ran at a constant rotational speed (2000 rpm ± 30 rpm) with variable load. The gas analyzer measured the amount of CO, NO, NO2, and PM (particulate matter) in exhaust gas. This gas content share was then converted to mass per engine generated energy unit. This experiment showed the effect of BG introduced to the intake manifold on fuel combustion, as well as an increase in CO and NO2 emission and decrease in NO and PM. In terms of dependence of exhaust emissions on the type of liquid fuel used, the use of UCOME as opposed to diesel fuel resulted in PM reduction and increase of NO emissions.

Highlights

Diesel engines have many uses, from transportation to powering electrical generators [1,2,3]
The resulting different quality biodiesel liquid fuels [24,25,26,27,28], as well as biogas [29,30] constitute a significant source of energy [31,32,33,34,35], especially for small farms
Biogas was added both for the commercial diesel fuel (DF) power supply and for the UCOME fat waste esters power supply

Summary

Introduction

Diesel engines have many uses, from transportation to powering electrical generators [1,2,3] Due to their emissions, they have a negative impact on the natural environment. The resulting different quality biodiesel liquid fuels [24,25,26,27,28], as well as biogas [29,30] constitute a significant source of energy [31,32,33,34,35], especially for small farms In such situations, a dual fuel combustion engine powering a generator [36,37] offers an attractive alternative, significantly limiting a farm’s demand for energy from external sources and increasing level of independence of the indicated energy sources

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion