Abstract
This study focuses on higher generation cost of electricity in selected TPPs (Thermal Power Plants) in Sindh, Pakistan. It also investigates the energy consumed by the auxiliary equipment of the selected TPPs in Sindh, Pakistan. The AC (Auxiliary Consumption) of selected TPPs is compared with that in UK and other developed countries. Results show that the AC in selected TPPs in Sindh, Pakistan exceeds the average AC of the TPPs situated in developed countries. Many energy conservation measures such as impeller trimming and de-staging, boiler feed pump, high voltage inverter, variable frequency drive, and upgrading the existing cooling tower fan blades with fiber reinforced plastic are discussed to overcome higher AC. This study shows that harnessing various available energy conservative measures the AC and unit cost can be reduced by 4.13 and 8.8%; also adverse environmental impacts can be mitigated. Results show that the unit cost of electricity can be reduced from Rs.20 to19/kWh in JTPP (Jamshoro Thermal Power Plant), Rs.9 to 8.8/kWh in GTPS (Gas Turbine Power Station) Kotri and Rs. 11 to 10.27/kWh in LPS (Lakhara Power Station). Thus, electricity production can be improved with the existing capacity, which will eventually assist to manage the current energy crisis and ensure its conservation.
Highlights
Energy demand is increasing day by day all over the world due to rapid growth of population, enhanced standard of life and development in technologies [1]
It is reported that in Pakistan about 67% of electricity is generated by TPPs based on fossil fuels, in which oil, gas and coal contributes 55.96, 43.94 and 0.1%, respectively in 2012-2013 [7,8].The energy efficiency of CCGT (Combine Cycle Gas Turbine) power plant is as low as 34.41% [9]
It is clear that based on previous discussion that generation cost of electricity is very high in Pakistan due to higher AC
Summary
Energy demand is increasing day by day all over the world due to rapid growth of population, enhanced standard of life and development in technologies [1]. It is reported that in Pakistan about 67% of electricity is generated by TPPs based on fossil fuels, in which oil, gas and coal contributes 55.96, 43.94 and 0.1%, respectively in 2012-2013 [7,8].The energy efficiency of CCGT (Combine Cycle Gas Turbine) power plant is as low as 34.41% [9]. The low efficiency of most of the fossil fuel based power plants and higher line losses are estimated to be 23-25% that causes electric power shortfall and higher generation cost [11]. The generation of electricity from different resources in different countries is demonstrated in Fig. 1[12,13,14]
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