Abstract
: Chilgoza pine (Pinus gerardiana Wall.) has a restricted distribution in India, though it is an important ecological and economic species in the Himalaya. This species is restricted in dry temperate region of North-Western Himalaya but lack of regeneration has threatened species existence in the Himalaya. Because, large numbers of biotic and abiotic factors have affected P. gerardiana in these forests; hence, there is a crucial need to review ecological status of species in the region. One of the important site factor is the collection of cone/seed by local villagers from most of the trees, while few trees those grows in remote areas and steep slopes, which cannot be harvested, only provide seeds for the regeneration. Young trees are scarce or entirely lacking, the mature trees predominate in its natural zone. Phytosociological study showed the high endemism of the Pinus gerardiana in its natural zone. Overall more than 70% of the area was covered by this species and rest by other species. Therefore, the productivity and sustainability of chilgoza pine need to be ensured.
Highlights
DistributionPinus gerardiana Wall. commonly and commercially known as ‘chilgoza’ and/ or neoza pine
Literature on chilgoza pine are depicted while challenges are highlighted with a view of understanding underlying causes and hopefully draw lessons for future
It has been observed that the extensive damage being caused to the highly endangered chilgoza pine trees due to the construction of the 100 MW Tidong-I project in the tribal Kinnaur district has made a mockery of the detailed project report (DPR), on the based on of which forest clearance was granted for the project [41]
Summary
Impact of Anthropogenic Disturbances on Ecology of Pinus gerardiana Wall in Indian Himalaya: A Review. Chilgoza pine (Pinus gerardiana Wall.) has a restricted distribution in India, though it is an important ecological and economic species in the Himalaya. This species is restricted in dry temperate region of North-Western Himalaya but lack of regeneration has threatened species existence in the Himalaya. Large numbers of biotic and abiotic factors have affected P. gerardiana in these forests; there is a crucial need to review ecological status of species in the region. One of the important site factor is the collection of cone/seed by local villagers from most of the trees, while few trees those grows in remote areas and steep slopes, which cannot be harvested, only provide seeds for the regeneration. The productivity and sustainability of chilgoza pine need to be ensured
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