Impact of Anadara granosa L. and Spirulina platensis on Sperm Morphology and Motility in Mus musculus

Abstract

Background: Infertility, characterized by the inability to conceive, affects both men and women equally, with male infertility often linked to factors such as sperm quality and hormonal imbalances. Nutrition plays a significant role in spermatogenesis, with zinc (Zn) being crucial for sperm development. This study explored the effects of combining Anadara granosa L. (blood cockles) and Spirulina platensis on sperm morphology and motility in Mus musculus mice. Methods: Thirty male mice were divided into six treatment groups, with varying proportions of blood cockles and Spirulina platensis. Treatments were administered for 21 days, and sperm samples were collected from the cauda epididymis for morphological and motility analysis. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results: After 21 days, groups treated with a combination of Anadara granosa L. and Spirulina platensis showed improved sperm motility, with the group receiving a 50% mixture demonstrating the highest motility (89%). Morphological analysis revealed no significant alterations across treatment groups, though zinc (Zn) contributed to enhanced sperm quality by facilitating spermatogenesis and improving metabolic functions in sperm cells. Conclusion: The combination of Anadara granosa L. and Spirulina platensis significantly improved sperm motility, primarily due to the high zinc content. However, morphology remained unaffected, suggesting the treatment's potential as a dietary intervention for male infertility linked to motility deficiencies. Further studies are recommended to explore long-term impacts and optimal dosing.