Abstract
In order to fulfil the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) requirements for the reduction of energy consumption, European national requirements have been created for building envelope thermal properties and calculation methodology to determine if building energy efficiency is created. This is however not true in all methodologies. The necessity of building air tightness appears only for new A class buildings, and there are no requirements for air tightness for other building classes. Therefore, the aim of this work is to improve the methodology for the calculation of energy efficiency of buildings, while taking into account the air tightness of the buildings. In order to achieve this aim, the sum energy consumption of investigated buildings was calculated, energy efficiency classes were determined, air tightness of the buildings was measured, and reasons for insufficient air tightness were analyzed. Investigation results show that the average value of air tightness of A energy efficiency class buildings is 0.6 h−1. The results of other investigated buildings, corresponding to B and C energy efficiency classes, show insufficient air tightness (the average n50 value is 6 h−1); herewith, energy consumption for heating is higher than calculated, according to the energy efficiency methodology. This paper provides an energy performance evaluation scheme, under which performed evaluation of energy performance of buildings ensures high quality construction work, building durability, and the reliability of heat-loss calculations.
Highlights
In order to fulfil the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) [1,2]requirements for the reduction of energy consumption, European national requirements have been created for building envelope thermal properties, and a calculation methodology to determine a building’s energy efficiency was created
Requirements for the reduction of energy consumption, European national requirements have been created for building envelope thermal properties, and a calculation methodology to determine a building’s energy efficiency was created
Calculations of the mean sum energy consumption, according to the energy performance class (Figure 1), shows that changes of heat loss are proportional to the building energy efficiency class
Summary
In order to fulfil the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) [1,2]requirements for the reduction of energy consumption, European national requirements have been created for building envelope thermal properties, and a calculation methodology to determine a building’s energy efficiency was created. Each European country has a methodology to determine a building’s energy efficiency (DIN 18599 [3] in Germany, DOCET (Simplified Software for energy performance requirements to existing buildings) in Italy, CALENER (Simplified Software for energy performance requirements to existing buildings) in Spain, etc.), which differs by the type of buildings and the climatic area, minimum thermal requirements, and indexing of certification [4]. These methodologies are applied to a set of metrics, such as primary energy consumption, final energy consumption, or CO2 emissions. Air tightness is one of the most important factors influencing a comfortable, energy efficient living environment [5,6]
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