Impact of Admission Blood Glucose on Outcomes of Nondiabetic Patients With Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (from the German Acute Coronary Syndromes [ACOS] Registry)

Abstract

High blood glucose in patients with acute coronary syndromes have been associated with adverse short-term outcomes in patients without diabetes. However, the relation of admission glucose to long-term outcomes in these patients was less well established. Accordingly, consecutive patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) without diabetes enrolled at 155 sites from July 2000 to November 2002 in the ACOS Registry were evaluated. Patients were categorized into tertiles based on admission blood glucose. Clinical end points of interest were 1-year mortality and composite of death, reinfarction, stroke, or rehospitalization (major adverse cardiac clinical events [MACCEs]) in the hospital and after discharge. Of 5,866 patients with STEMI, 36.9% had blood glucose <120 mg/dl; 33.1%, 120 to 150 mg/dl; and 30.0%, >150 mg/dl. Admission blood glucose was significantly related to increased risk of not only in-hospital events (death, glucose >150 vs <120 mg/dl, adjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.13 to 3.82, p <0.0001; and MACCE, >150 vs <120 mg/dl, adjusted OR 1.88, 95% CI 1.52 to 2.33; p <0.0001), but this increased risk persisted beyond the acute phase during 1-year follow-up of a mean 380 days (median 387; death, glucose >150 vs <120 mg/dl, adjusted OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.03, p <0.0001; and MACCE, >150 vs <120 mg/dl, adjusted OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.71, p <0.0001). In conclusion, high blood glucose at admission to the hospital independently correlated with short- and midterm mortality in patients with STEMI.