Abstract
This study aimed to assess the impact of a Government Income Support Program in orthodontic treatment need and on adolescents' oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). A population-based, matched case-control study involving 309 adolescents aged 11-14 years was conducted in the northeast of Brazil (Bahia, Brazil). The case group (with impact on OHRQoL) and the control group (no impact on OHRQoL) were matched by age and sex (p>0.05) at a ratio of 2: 1 (206 controls: 103 cases). Impact on the adolescent's OHRQoL was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14). Families who received Bolsa Família determined their participation in Government's Income Support Program. The Dental Health Component of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN-DHC) determined the orthodontic treatment need. The data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression (p≤0.05; 90%CI). The results showed that 96.1% of adolescents in the case group and 89.3% of adolescents in the control group present orthodontic treatment need. Adolescents with a negative impact on OHRQoL are 2.75 (90%CI: 1.12-6.72) times more likely to present orthodontic treatment need than the control group. The exposure factor to Government Income Support Program did not affect the adolescent's OHRQoL. However, adolescents reported a negative impact of orthodontic treatment need in their OHRQoL.
Highlights
Aiming to favor quality of life (Coelho & Melo, 2017; Ribas-Prado et al, 2016), several developing countries have used income support programs to reduce poverty and social inequality (Monnerat et al, 2007; Oliveira et al., 2011a; Roque et al, 2015; Almeida e Silva, 2016)
In Brazil, such strategy is performed through social assistance programs such as the Bolsa Família (Sperandio e Priore et al, 2015), which is considered the most extensive income support program directed to families in poverty or extreme poverty conditions (Brasil, 2018)
The importance of our study lies in the fact that it is the first case-control study to investigate the impact of the Brazilian Government Income Support Program associated with orthodontic treatment need on adolescent’s oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL)
Summary
Aiming to favor quality of life (Coelho & Melo, 2017; Ribas-Prado et al, 2016), several developing countries have used income support programs to reduce poverty and social inequality (Monnerat et al, 2007; Oliveira et al., 2011a; Roque et al, 2015; Almeida e Silva, 2016). The Bolsa Familia Program presents conditionalities in the fields of education and health It aims to ensure nutritional improvements and good health conditions and promote children and adolescents' access and maintenance in schools (Brasil, 2018). Studies have been performed to assess the impact of this Program on the quality of life, health, and nutrition of individuals, showing controversial results (Coelho & Melo, 2017; Ribas-Prado et al, 2016; Monnerat et al, 2007; Oliveira et al, 2011a; Almeida e Silva, 2016; Sperandio e Priore et al, 2015; Brasil, 2018; Oliveira et al, 2011b; Uchimura et al, 2012; Ferreira e Magalhães, 2017; Sperandio et al, 2017; Suzart e Ferreira, 2018; Carvalho et al, 2014). The oral health promotion strategies should include subjective, social, and environmental aspects in planning, action, and assessment (Piovesan et al, 2010)
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