Abstract
Human response to impact noise, generated by wheel flats and rail joints of electric trains, was investigated in a laboratory experiment. The loudness of train noise containing impact components was compared with train noise with no impact components. A method of paired comparisons was used to evaluate the loudness of the test sounds. The results indicate that the wheel flat noise increases the loudness of train noise by 3 dB and the rail joint noise increases it by 5 dB (outdoor listening condition) and 7 dB (indoor listening conditions) at the same equivalent sound energy level.
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