Abstract
Preferred formulation of the problem in two space dimensions are described for solving the three fundamental equations of mechanics (conservation of mass, conservation of momentum, and conservation of energy). Models of the behavior of materials provide the closure to the three fundamentals equations for applications to problems in compressible fluid flow and solid mechanics. Models of fracture and damage are described. A caloric model of the equation of state is proposed to describe thermodynamic properties of solid materials with the phase transitions. Two-dimensional problems of a high-velocity impact of a space nuclear propulsion system reactor are solved. High-velocity impact problems of destruction of reactor are solved for the two cases: 1) at its crash landing on the Earth surface (the impact velocity being up to 400 m/s); 2) at its impact (with velocity up to 16 km/s) with the space debris fragments.
Highlights
The problem of quantitative description of the impact is a rather complex task, it is connected with a whole scientific and technical research area rapidly developing lately
W e consider the three-term Mie-Grüneisen equation of state with the solid-phase free energy being determined as cv,l T
The result obtained is in reasonable agreement with the data [12], where it was noted that melting in the shock wave begins when the mass velocity reaches ~ 650-700 m/s, which corresponds to pressures of 0.23–0.25 Mbar
Summary
The problem of quantitative description of the impact is a rather complex task, it is connected with a whole scientific and technical research area rapidly developing lately. Equation of state; Shock waves; High-velocity impact. W e consider the three-term Mie-Grüneisen equation of state with the solid-phase free energy being determined as cv,l T
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