Abstract
At the beginning of the 20th century, Townsend [1] introduced the concept of impact ionization to explain the appearance and behavior of electric charges in gases. The theory of impact ionization developed by Townsend and his followers has accounted successfully for a wide range of various phenomena observed when an electric current is passed through a gas: the voltage dependence of the current, the influence of the density of the gas and of the inter electrode gap on the breakdown voltage, Paschen’s empirical law, etc.
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