Impact deformation behaviour and dislocation substructure of Al–Sc alloy

Abstract

This paper employs a compressive split-Hopkinson pressure bar to investigate the impact deformation behaviour of Al–Sc alloy under high strain rates of 1.2 × 10 3 s −1, 3.2 × 10 3 s −1 and 5.8 × 10 3 s −1, respectively, and temperatures of −100 °C, 25 °C and 300 °C. It is shown that for a constant temperature, the flow stress, work hardening rate and strain rate sensitivity increase with increasing strain rate, while the activation volume decreases. Conversely, for a constant strain rate, the flow stress, work hardening rate and strain rate sensitivity decrease with increasing temperature, while the activation volume increases. It is found that the impact deformation behaviour of Al–Sc alloy can be accurately described using the Zerilli–Armstrong constitutive equation. Optical microscopy (OM) observations reveal that the specimens fail principally as the result of an adiabatic shearing mechanism. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations show that the fracture surfaces are characterised by a dimple-like structure, which indicates a ductile failure mode. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations indicate that the dislocation density and cell size are related to the strain rate, flow stress and temperature. Finally, the TEM observations suggest that the strengthening effect observed in the deformed Al–Sc alloy is the result of Al 3Sc precipitates within the matrix and at the grain boundaries, which suppress dislocation motion and prompt an increase in the work hardening stress.