Abstract
estimate that malariahas caused 300–500 million infections, 100 million clinical casesand 1.5–2.7 million deaths, represent ing a serious public healthproblem in Asia and Africa. It is caused by a protozoan parasite,Plasmodium, transmitted from person to person, mainly throughthe bite of a female Anopheles mosquito which requires blood tonurture her eggs. The female Anopheles mosquito is the vector forhuman malaria, and mainly bites humans between 5pm and 7am,with maximum intensity between 10pm and 4am. This providesthe basis for the use of mosquito bed nets and insecticide-treatedbed nets (ITNs) whilst sleeping, since mosquitoes are most activeduring that period.
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