Abstract
Microgrids have the potential to withstand the power outages due to their ability of islanding and potential to sustain the penetration of renewables. Increased penetration of renewables can be beneficial but it may result in curtailment of renewables during peak generation intervals due to the limited availability of storage capacity while shedding loads during peak load intervals. This problem can be solved by adjusting the load profiles, i.e., demand response (DR) programs. In contrast to the existing studies, where DR is triggered by market price signals, a local resource-triggered survivability-oriented demand response program is proposed in this paper. The proposed DR program is triggered by renewable and load level of the microgrid with an objective to minimize the load shedding and curtailment of renewables. The uncertainties in load and renewables are realized via a robust optimization method and the worst-case scenario is considered. The performance of the proposed method is compared with two conventional operation cases, i.e., independent operation case and interconnected operation case without DR. In addition, the impact of renewable penetration level, amount of shiftable load, and load absorption capacity on the performance of the proposed method are also analyzed. Simulation results have proved the proposed method is capable of reducing load shedding, renewable curtailment, and operation cost of the network during emergencies.
Highlights
Microgrids (MGs) are considered as a practical solution to cope with power outages due to their ability of islanding and potential to sustain the penetration of renewables [1]
In order to analyze the performance of the proposed survivability-oriented demand response program, three cases are simulated in this study
A survivability-oriented demand response program is proposed for a network of hybrid survivability-oriented demand response program and is proposed formicrogrids a networkare of realized hybrid microgrids in this study
Summary
Microgrids (MGs) are considered as a practical solution to cope with power outages due to their ability of islanding and potential to sustain the penetration of renewables [1]. Energies 2019, 12, 452 an excess of power can share their excess power with other microgrids of the network having power deficit [3] This can reduce the load shedding amount in the microgrids having lesser resources or lower renewable power generation. Higher prices are considered for event period and lower prices for normal periods, loads are shifted from event period to non-event periods This requires the information of event occurrence and/or event clearance times, which is difficult to obtain, especially for major outage events (resiliency-oriented events). DR programs can be triggered by analyzing the amount of locally available power and load demand for shifting loads This shifting can potentially enhance the utilization of renewables on one hand and it can reduce the load shedding amount of microgrids on the other hand. Sensitivity analysis of renewable penetration level, amount of shiftable loads, and load absorption level in each microgrid is carried out to evaluate the performance of the proposed method under different conditions
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