Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Human Solid Tumors: Basic and Translational Aspects.

D Olive,R Castriconi,F Pastorino,B Savoldo

doi:10.1155/2016/7853028

Abstract

Immunotherapy in the Treatment of Human Solid Tumors: Basic and Translational Aspects.

Highlights

Overall we have clear indications that the achievement of a long-lasting efficacy in the treatment of cancer patients cannot disregard the best combination of different therapeutic approaches, including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), often planned in the standard of care for different malignancies, such as highrisk neuroblastoma or lymphoma
These strategies, which include cancer vaccine developments, strenuously pursued for many years, have mainly focused on breaking critical inhibitory immune checkpoint pathways (i.e., PD1/PD-Ls axes), which limit the tumor aggression by different immune cells including natural killer (NK) and T lymphocytes. The strengthening of such endogenous cytolytic effectors, complemented by favoring their migration toward tumors, and/or the infusion of cells engineered with improved function is widely considered in additional therapeutic protocols aimed at obtaining a more durable tumor growth control. This goal may relate to the type of the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) utilized, if included in the treatment of the malignancy
Breckpot provide here a useful and comprehensive summary of the current knowledge on the efficacy of vaccination strategies, which differ in the quality of the dispensed antigens and adjuvants, in the modalities of antigen delivery, and in the targeted dendritic cells (DC) subtypes

Summary

Introduction

Overall we have clear indications that the achievement of a long-lasting efficacy in the treatment of cancer patients cannot disregard the best combination of different therapeutic approaches, including HSCT, often planned in the standard of care for different malignancies, such as highrisk neuroblastoma or lymphoma. The limited substantial therapeutic progresses observed in the treatment of solid tumors require concerted efforts to combine our thorough knowledge of the tumor biology with a broader comprehension of the main mechanisms regulating antitumor immune responses.

Results

Conclusion