Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the treatment of several solid cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). First approved for second-line settings, ICIs are now used for the first-line treatment of HNSCCs, mainly in combination with standard chemotherapy. This review focuses on the results of themain phase III studies evaluating ICIs in recurrent or metastatic HNSCCs. Theefficacy and indications according to the PD-L1status, the main predictive biomarker, arediscussed. The results of trials assessing ICI efficacy for locally advanced disease, including the neoadjuvant setting are also discussed. Finally, therapeutic combinations that are potential treatments for HNSCCs, including ICIs and targeted therapies such as anti-EGFRagents, are presented.
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