Immunotherapy for advanced gastric cancer.

Abstract

Gastric cancer (GC) is believed to be the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of death worldwide. Treatment techniques include radiation, chemotherapy, gastrectomy, and targeted treatments are often employed. Some hopeful results from the development of GC immunotherapy have already changed treatment approaches. Along with previous combination medicines, new immunotherapies have been developed that target distinct molecules. Despite ongoing studies into the current therapeutic options and significant improvements in this field, the prognosis for the ailment is poor. Since there are few treatment options and a delay in detection, the illness actually advances, spreads, and metastasizes. The bulk of immunotherapies in use today rely on cytotoxic immune cells, monoclonal antibodies, and gene-transferred vaccines. Immune checkpoint inhibitors have become more popular. In this review, we sought to examine the viewpoint and development of several immunotherapy treatment modalities for advanced GC, as well as the clinical results thus far reported. Additionally, we outlined tumor immune escape and tumor immunosurveillance.