Abstract
The major modalities of modem cancer therapy are surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy. A role in the cancer treatment armamentarium is being established for immunotherapy and biological therapy. Biological therapy of cancer can be defined as the modification and exploitation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of host defense and of the regulation of tissue proliferation, tissue differentiation, and tissue survival for use in the treatment of cancer. Cancer immunotherapy was first conceived in 1900 by Paul Erlich (1906), who postulated that antibodies could be used for targeting drugs and toxins to tumor cells. As we shall discuss, the production of highly specific monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) using the hybridoma methodology of Kohier and Milstein (1975) has led to a present-day reappraisal of Erlich’s hypothesis.
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