Abstract
BackgroundThe hair follicle is a unique structure, one of the most dynamic structures in mammalians, which can reproduce in every new cycle all the mechanism involved in its fetal development. Although a lot of research has been made about the human hair follicle much less has been discovered about the importance of the cytokeratins (CKs) in its development. ObjectiveStudy the immunohistochemical pattern of epithelial CKs during human hair follicle development. MethodsWe performed an immunohistochemical study using fresh post-mortem skin biopsies of human fetuses between 4 and 25 weeks of gestational age to study the expression of cytokeratins (CKs): CK1, CK10, CK13, CK14, CK16 and CK20 during human hair follicle fetal development. Study limitationsRestrospective study with a good number of makers but with a small population. Results/conclusionWe found that, the CKs were expressed in an intermediate time during follicular development. The epithelial CKs (CK1, CK14, CK10, CK13) and the epithelial CKs with a proliferative character such as CK16 were expressed first, as markers of cellular maturation and follicular keratinization. At a later phase, CK20 was expressed in more developed primitive hair follicles as previously discussed in literature.
Highlights
The hair follicle is in constant renewal, reproducing the same embryonic mechanisms that formed it first in the fetal period.[1]
Two of our markers were evaluated by Schirren et al, CK14 and CK10, these CKs were found in the developing hair follicles, CK14 in the earliest phases still in the placoid phase and at later phases, CK10 was express in a slightly more differentiated hair follicle in the isthmus region in outer root sheath (ORS) at the supra basal cells of infundibulum along with CK14
Hair follicle morphogenesis is a restructuring of epithelial tissue and mesenchymal tissue to form a completely differentiated pilosebaceous unit
Summary
The hair follicle is in constant renewal, reproducing the same embryonic mechanisms that formed it first in the fetal period.[1]. Cytokeratins (CKs) are the main proteins that structure epithelial cells, they provide shape, resistance and maintenance of the intercellular contacts; in the hair follicle in addition to the structural function, they are markers of follicular maturation and cytodifferentiation. They are divided into two families, Type 1, acid keratins and Type 2, basic keratins.[7] In total, twenty-six keratins are considered specific to hair follicle, comparable to the twenty-nine expressed in the epithelium.[8]. Objective: Study the immunohistochemical pattern of epithelial CKs during human hair follicle development. An Bras Dermatol. 2020;95:278---82. ଝଝ Study conducted at the Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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