Immunomorphologic transformation of the appendix of rabbits after antigenic loading using anti-pneumococcal prophylactic preparation «Pneumo-Pro»

Abstract

Despite a widespread introduction of immunoprophylaxis, the national scientific literature doesn’t frequently deal with the data containing a detailed description of the morphological state of the immune system’s central and peripheral organs, as well as their immunomorphological rearrangement after the use of vaccines and the effects of immunostimulants. It is also worth noting that such organ of the peripheral immune system as a vermiform appendix was mainly ignored by the domestic scientists. The vermiform appendix is a lymphoepithelial organ that performs a protective function and relates to the peripheral part of the immune system. The development, proliferation and differentiation of immunocompetent cells occurs inside this important formation, first and foremost, of B-cell subpopulations. Vermiform appendix is sometimes called the tonsils of the abdominal cavity due to the high concentration of lymphoid cells in it. We did not find a detailed description of the morphological changes of the rabbits’ vermiform appendix that occur after the introduction of immunobiological drugs. We conducted the histological studies of the vermiform appendix of rabbits after performing an antigenic stress using the vaccine against streptococcal and staphylococcal infections of animals along with the preventive agent «Pneumo-Pro» separately and combined with Selefer, a selenium-containing immunostimulant. Histological studies of the rabbits’ vermiform appendix performed after the parenteral introduction of immunoprophylactic drugs revealed significant structural changes in the lymphoid apparatus: there is a significant amount of lymphoblasts in the center of submucosal lymphoid nodes; mitosis of lymphocytes is often visualized; large, medium and small lymphocytes as well as macrophages locate in the dome of submucosal lymphoid nodes; there are numerous volumetric clusters of lymphoid tissue that form submucosal clusters of lymphoid nodes in the plate and submucosal basis of the appendix; the peripheral part of the lymphoid nodes and the interfollicular area contain a significant number of T-lymphocytes; the vast majority of secondary lymphoid follicles are cone-shaped; appendix crypts contain a large number of exocrinocysts.