Immunomodulator effect of Moringa oleifera Leaves Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum FNCC 0137 on Salmonella typhi infected Balb/C Mice

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of Moringa oleifera leaves (MOL) extract fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum FNCC 0137 in mice infected with Salmonella typhi. This research employed ten groups of mice. Group (K-) received distilled water without bacterial infection, group (K+) received distilled water and infected by bacteria, and six groups of bacteria infected mice that pre-treated with three different doses (14, 42, and 84mg/kg BW/day) of fermented or non-fermented of MOL extract. Bacteria are intraperitoneally injected on the 29th day. The administration of extract was continued for one week after injection. The lymphocyte cell isolated from lymph nodes was analyzed with flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 ANOVA (p<0.05) and followed by Duncan's test. The result showed that fermented extract of MOL could act as an immunomodulatory effect in mice indicated by the increase of the expression of CD4+IFN-γ+, CD4+TNF-α+ and, CD11b+IL-6+. However, at a dose of 84 mg/kg BW, nonfermented and fermented of MOL extract showed immunosuppression of cellular response in mice. In summary, non-fermented and fermented MOL extract act as an immunomodulatory agent in mice infected with Salmonella typhi. Fermented MOL extract is more effective as an immunomodulatory agent compared to non-fermented MOL extract.