Immunomodulation as a Novel Strategy for Prevention and Treatment of Bordetella spp. Infections.

Monica C Gestal,Hannah M Johnson,Eric T Harvill

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.02869

Monica C Gestal, Hannah M Johnson + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2019.02869

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Journal: Frontiers in Immunologie	Publication Date: Dec 13, 2019
Citations: 13	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: University of Georgia

Abstract

Well-adapted pathogens have evolved to survive the many challenges of a robust immune response. Defending against all host antimicrobials simultaneously would be exceedingly difficult, if not impossible, so many co-evolved organisms utilize immunomodulatory tools to subvert, distract, and/or evade the host immune response. Bordetella spp. present many examples of the diversity of immunomodulators and an exceptional experimental system in which to study them. Recent advances in this experimental system suggest strategies for interventions that tweak immunity to disrupt bacterial immunomodulation, engaging more effective host immunity to better prevent and treat infections. Here we review advances in the understanding of respiratory pathogens, with special focus on Bordetella spp., and prospects for the use of immune-stimulatory interventions in the prevention and treatment of infection.

Highlights

TO THE STRATEGY OF IMMUNOMODULATION FOR HEALTHWe are exposed to vast numbers of pathogens during our lifespan, but only a small number manage to cause disease
The results highlighted in this review demonstrate that the manipulation and/or disruption of bacterial immunomodulatory properties are providing a highly promising approach that could replace antibiotics in a near future
Preliminary data obtained with TLR2, and TLR7 agonists demonstrate the improved performance of the current B. pertussis vaccine and indicates that the use of adjuvants can feasibly potentiate and augment the generation of protective immunity [58, 98, 100]

Summary

Introduction

TO THE STRATEGY OF IMMUNOMODULATION FOR HEALTHWe are exposed to vast numbers of pathogens during our lifespan, but only a small number manage to cause disease. Researchers have been working on the addition of TLR agonists to vaccines with the expectation that activating different TLRs will command the type of T cell response produced [104] and will enhance host protective immunity [105].

Results

Conclusion