Immunological modulation of mesenchymal stem cells in repairing of acute kidney injury

Qin Tan,Yichuan Li

doi:10.15761/icm.1000149

Abstract

Immunological modulation of mesenchymal stem cells in repairing of acute kidney injury

Highlights

The patients suffering from Acute kidney injury (AKI), in spite of the development of the medicine, have an increase in number during these years, especially in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU)
Even though the mechanisms involving in AKI is much more complex, innate and adaptive immune responses play a key role in the pathophysiology [4,5]
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) which can be obtained from multiple resources, like bone marrow, skeletal muscles, umbilical cord vein, peripheral blood and adipose tissue, are the most critical part consisting of tissue remodeling and post-damage reparation [6]

Summary

Introduction

The patients suffering from Acute kidney injury (AKI), in spite of the development of the medicine, have an increase in number during these years, especially in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The properties of MSCs are their capability of secreting molecules and their potential for differentiation and proliferation in the other tissues [8] Otherwise, these cells have shown their immunosuppressive capability likely related to the lack or low expression of class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC-II) and co-stimulatory molecules on cell surface, which can affect different pathways of the immune responses [9]. The process of MSCs preferentially migrating into damaged tissues, which is called homing [10,11], have grasped the notion of researchers recently and high-quality studies have found that injured renal endothelial and tubular epithelial cells can interact with MSCs by signaling molecules, such as chemokines, adhesion molecules and matrix metalloproteinases [11,12,13]. This review is bound to summarize recent studies on the application of MSCs in AKI emphasizing on their immune-privileged effect

Neutrophils and nature killer cells

NK T cells

Adaptive immune response

Findings

Summary