Immunological indicators in patients with vibrational disease and metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Introduction. Workers with vibration disease (VD) are at greater risk of developing metabolic syndrome (MS). Timely diagnosis and prevention of MS accompanying VD is very important, since medical measures at the early period can not only stop the occurrence of complications, but also contribute to the reverse development of individual symptoms. Currently, the state of the immune system of VD patients with MS remains one of the poorly studied questions.
 Materials and methods. Serum cytokines: IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-8, IL-10, IL-17, TNF-α, INF-γ were determined by ELISA.
 Results. A significant increase in IL-1β, IL-4, IL-17, TNF-α relative to the comparison group was found in VD patients with MS and in those with VD without MS. However, no statistically significant differences were found in the intergroup comparison of cytokines, while a pronounced tendency to increase changes in the cytokine profile in persons with VD aggravated with MS is noteworthy. Depending on the duration of vibration exposure, hyperproduction of IL-17, TNF-α, IL-4 and a decrease in INF-γ in the highly trained group were noted if compared with less trained workers. A negative correlation relationship between vibration experience and IL-8 content was revealed in VD patients with MS with less than 20 years of experience. If the duration of work is more than 20 years in VD persons with MS, there are direct correlations between experience and IL-4 and IL-17 levels and feedback with the concentration of INF-γ.
 Limitations. The limitations of this work are small groups of employees.
 Conclusion. Increased levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in VD patients with MS indicate the activation of inflammation processes, in the mechanisms of induction of which, both a change in the reactivity of the immune system and a violation of metabolic processes in workers with prolonged exposure to physical factors may play a role.