Abstract

Human facial transplantation is a form of composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA), and since November 2005, it has become a clinical reality. Face transplantation is still considered an experimental procedure in the clinic, and to date, 13 facial transplantations have been performed worldwide. We observe the progress in composite facial tissue allotransplantation, partial or full facial transplantation for severely disfigured patients. Facial CTA involves the transplantation of different type of tissues carrying different functions and immunologic characteristics. Immunogenicity of tissue components of the facial allograft and immunosuppressive strategies that reduce allogenic responses against the graft are discussed in this chapter.

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