Abstract
In 2020, SARS-COV-2 put health systems under unprecedented resource and manpower pressure leading to significant number of deaths. Expectedly, researchers sought to shed light on the pathophysiologic background of this novel disease (COVID-19) as well as to facilitate the design of effective therapeutic modalities. Indeed, early enough the pivotal role of inflammatory and thrombotic pathways in SARS-COV-2 infection has been illustrated. The purpose of this article is to briefly present the epidemiologic and clinical features of COVID-19, analyze the pathophysiologic importance of immunologic dysregulation and hypercoagulability in developing disease complications and finally to present an up-to-date systematic review of colchicine’s immunomodulating capacity in view of hindering coronavirus complications.
Highlights
Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) Pandemic On December 2019 Wuhan, China came to public attention due to emerging cases of fever of unknown origin and on 7 January 2020, WHO revealed the isolation of a new coronavirus strain (SARS-COV-2)
Both viral and host genetic variations are critical in understanding transmissibility, pathogenicity and severity of COVID-19 infection [3,4]
The second immunologic phase of COVID-19 infection commonly occurs during the second week after symptom onset, and patients may suffer a wide variety of complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute kidney injury, myocardial injury, sepsis, rhabdomyolysis, liver failure and venous thromboembolic disease [11]
Summary
Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) Pandemic On December 2019 Wuhan, China came to public attention due to emerging cases of fever of unknown origin and on 7 January 2020, WHO revealed the isolation of a new coronavirus strain (SARS-COV-2). Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) belongs to the coronaviridae family of viruses. SARS-COV-2 belongs to the beta subfamily and is a single RNA virus with an external envelope [1]. Both viral and host genetic variations are critical in understanding transmissibility, pathogenicity and severity of COVID-19 infection [3,4]. The second immunologic phase of COVID-19 infection commonly occurs during the second week after symptom onset, and patients may suffer a wide variety of complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute kidney injury, myocardial injury, sepsis, rhabdomyolysis, liver failure and venous thromboembolic disease [11]. Vaccines became publicly available late in 2020 and additional efforts are underway [14]
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