Abstract
Omics sciences and new technologies to sequence full genomes provide valuable data that are revealed only after detailed bioinformatic analysis is performed. In this work, we analyzed the genomes of seven Mexican Anaplasma marginale strains and the data from a transcriptome analysis of the tick Rhipicephalus microplus. The aim of this analysis was to identify protein sequences with predicted features to be used as potential targets to control the bacteria or tick-vector transmission. We chose three amino acid sequences different to all proteins previously reported in A. marginale that have been used as potential vaccine candidates, and also, we report, for the first time, the presence of a peroxinectin protein sequence in the transcriptome of R. microplus, a protein associated with the immune response of ticks. The bioinformatics analyses revealed the presence of B-cell epitopes in all the amino acid sequences chosen, which opens the way for their likely use as single or arranged peptides to develop new strategies for the control and prevention of bovine anaplasmosis transmitted by ticks.
Highlights
Ticks and tick-borne pathogens constitute a major challenge for the cattle industry due to their impact on production losses [1]
Bovine anaplasmosis is a disease caused by Anaplasma marginale, an important tick-transmitted, intraerythrocytic Gram-negative bacterium, that is endemic in Mexico [2]. e disease has a worldwide distribution and causes serious economic losses, in beef cattle, as they are more exposed to A. marginale transmitted by the tick-vector Rhipicephalus microplus [3]. e control of bovine anaplasmosis does depend on controlling the pathogen itself, and the vector which transmits it as they have coevolved with the host [4]
There are no commercial vaccines against bovine anaplasmosis, and those that have been prepared from freed bacteria have a limited use due to a wide antigenic diversity of the pathogen, while those prepared from live attenuated organisms carry the risk for the cotransmission of other blood-borne pathogens [2, 5]
Summary
Ticks and tick-borne pathogens constitute a major challenge for the cattle industry due to their impact on production losses [1]. Bovine anaplasmosis is a disease caused by Anaplasma marginale, an important tick-transmitted, intraerythrocytic Gram-negative bacterium, that is endemic in Mexico [2]. E disease has a worldwide distribution and causes serious economic losses, in beef cattle, as they are more exposed to A. marginale transmitted by the tick-vector Rhipicephalus microplus [3]. E control of bovine anaplasmosis does depend on controlling the pathogen itself, and the vector which transmits it as they have coevolved with the host [4]. International Journal of Microbiology an integral view of the tick-pathogen relationship should be considered to propose effective control measures and successful diagnostic and vaccination methods as those recently reported [8, 9, 10].
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