Abstract
Stem cell therapy is considered an important and innovative tool for applied research in andrology, especially in infertility; therefore, it was later adapted as potential therapeutic agents. This study aimed to evaluate rat mononuclear bone marrow cells' ability to recover testis cells in cyclophosphamide (CTX)-treated rats and to assess its effects on hormonal and histopathological changes. The bone marrow cells were harvested from femurs and tibias of rats and purified by a Histopaque gradient. Mononuclear bone marrow cells transplantation was performed by intravenous injection of cells in cyclophosphamide-treated animals. Three weeks after transplantation, blood samples were collected and analyzed for hormonal assay. In addition, the testes were collected for histological and histopathological determination. The results depicted that the serum levels of all tested hormones were significantly different among the three experimental groups G1 (control, healthy animals), G2 (CTX induced infertility and untreated) and G3 (CTX induced infertility and treated with stem cells). FSH and LH levels were significantly increased in G2 (CTX) compared to G1 and G3. Total and free testosterone levels were slightly higher in G3 compared to G2. Mononuclear bone marrow cell transplantation promoted cellular reorganization of the seminiferous epithelium. Also, spermatogenesis regeneration was improved. In conclusion, bone marrow stem cells can regenerate the damaged testicular elements and hence restore hormonal regulation in cyclophosphamide treated rat. Therefore, the treatment of male infertility and testosterone deficiency could be therapeutically treated by using stem cells.
Highlights
Infertility is a significant health and social problem
Considering that, we propose evaluating the ability of mononuclear bone marrow cells to promote testicular functions in cyclophosphamide-treated rats and evaluated by hormonal assay and histopathology
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) levels were significantly increased in G2 (CTX) comparing with G1 and G3
Summary
Infertility is a significant health and social problem. Previous studies have reported that approximately 70-90% of human infertility is related to spermatogenesis defects (Aliakbari et al, 2016). Previous studies have found that human bone marrow cells can differentiate to putative male germ cells, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells (Nayernia et al, 2006; Yazawa et al, 2006; Drusenheimer et al, 2007; Lue et al, 2007; Hou et al, 2016). The Researcher identified bone marrow as a potential source of male germ cells that could sustain sperm production and regenerate spermatogenesis (Cakici et al, 2013; Monsefi et al, 2013; Zhang et al, 2014). Considering that, we propose evaluating the ability of mononuclear bone marrow cells (containing hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells) to promote testicular functions in cyclophosphamide-treated rats and evaluated by hormonal assay and histopathology
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