Abstract
An 84-year-old woman underwent hysterectomy due to a friable endometrial mass infiltrating almost half way through the myometrial wall. The tumor consisted of papillary structures with thin fibrovascular cores covered by several layers of pleomorphic cells. The deeply located neoplastic cells were ovoid with a pale eosinophilic cytoplasm resembling urothelial cells. A diagnosis of papillary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium with transitional cell differentiation was made. Although she recovered well after surgery, she died one year later because of disseminated disease. In an attempt to obtain new insights into the physiopathology of this very rare tumor, an immunohistochemical panel with 32 markers was performed. The neoplastic cells were positive for cytokeratin 5, vimentin, p63, p21, VEGF, Ki67, BAG1, and bcl-2. The expression of BAG-1 and bcl-2 may suggest that anti-apoptotic stimuli are preponderant in this neoplasm.
Highlights
Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the endometrium is uncommon, with only about seventy cases reported in the literature [1]
In an attempt to obtain new insights into the physiopathology of this very rare tumor, an immunohistochemical panel was applied to a papillary SCC of the endometrium with transitional cell differentiation
Considering that pure squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium is rare and a mixed endometrioid component may be focal, the tumor was entirely examined microscopically to rule out endometrioid carcinoma with extensive squamotransitional cell differentiation
Summary
Primary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the endometrium is uncommon, with only about seventy cases reported in the literature [1]. Transitional cell differentiation in endometrial carcinomas is extremely uncommon, with fewer than 15 cases reported [2,3].
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