Immunohistochemical Expression Of E-Cadherin In Various Grades Of Oral Epithelial Dysplasia And Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

Background: Saliva has been reported as a valuable, non-invasive diagnostic tool in monitoring oral and systemic health. It contains biomarkers of inflammation which facilitates to diagnose periodontal disease. Salivary magnesium has a protective effect from periodontal disease due to its capacity to decrease the effect of bacterial toxins on periodontal tissue and reduce the inflammatory response to oral micro biota with some systemic disease like Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. Aim: To evaluate the salivary magnesium levels in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertensive patients with or without chronic Periodontitis (CP). Methodology: The study population comprises of 75 individuals, aged between 30 to 65 years divided into 5 groups. Group I- Type 2 DM patients with CP, Group II- Hypertensive patients with CP, Group III- Patients with both Type 2 DM and hypertension with CP, Group IV- CP without any systemic diseases, Group V- Healthy individuals without CP and any other systemic disease. Unstimulated whole saliva is collected by means of standardized spitting technique. And the salivary magnesium levels are analysed using colorimetric method. Results: The salivary magnesium levels were increased in CP patients without associated systemic disease (Group 4). A significant decrease was reported in Hypertensive patients with CP (Group 2) and in patients with both Type 2 DM and hypertension with CP (Group 3)