Immunohistochemical Detection of p53 Tumor Suppressor Protein in Round Cell Tumors of Dogs in Grenada, West Indies

Keshaw Prasad Tiwari

doi:10.14737/journal.aavs/2014/2.3s.23.27

Abstract

Immunohistochemical Detection of p53 Tumor Suppressor Protein in Round Cell Tumors of Dogs in Grenada, West Indies

Highlights

The p53 is a tumor suppressor protein that plays a central role in the maintenance of genomic integrity. p53 has been described as "the guardian of the genome", referring to its role in conserving stability of the cell genome by preventing mutation (Lane, 1992; Strachan and Read, 2003)
The reason for the negative or weak immunoreactivity of p53 in these specimens may be due to either inactivation of p53 gene in some of the transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) cases examined or inadequate reaction between antihuman p53 antibodies with canine tissues
More than 10 mutations in the P53 gene have been described in canine neoplasias (Oren, 1999; Setoguchi et al, 2001), including cases of TVT (Choi and Kim, 2002; Sánchez–Servín et al 2009; Stockmann et al 2011)

Summary

Introduction

The p53 ( known as protein 53 or tumor protein 53) is a tumor suppressor protein that plays a central role in the maintenance of genomic integrity. p53 has been described as "the guardian of the genome", referring to its role in conserving stability of the cell genome by preventing mutation (Lane, 1992; Strachan and Read, 2003). P53 has been described as "the guardian of the genome", referring to its role in conserving stability of the cell genome by preventing mutation (Lane, 1992; Strachan and Read, 2003). The name is due to its molecular mass which is 53 kilo Dalton (kDa) It regulates the cell cycle and, functions as a tumor suppressor that is involved in preventing cancer. Correlation between immunohistochemical detection of p53 protein and mutations in p53 gene has been described (Davidoff et al, 1991). These mutations often lead to production of an altered p53 protein that binds to and inactivates the normal p53 protein, thereby promoting tumorigenesis. Immunohistochemical detection of p53 protein is equated to the detection of the mutant p53 protein or otherwise stabilized abnormal p53 protein, rather than due to overexpression of normal p53 (Ginn et al, 2000)

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Conclusion