Immunohistochemical changes of maxillary sinus mucosa with underlying adenomatous polyposis

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Introduction In maxillary sinusitis pathogenesis researchers paid much attention to the role of paranasal sinuses, sinus drainage dysfunctions, mucocyliary transport system disorders in cases of damage of sinuses mucous membranes. Pathohistological, immunohistochemical and morphometric studies of mucosa were conducted. However, to evaluate the local inflammatory response in cases of chronic sinusitis and improvement of individual therapy for the patients, the immunohistochemical studies of the composition of inflammatory immunocyte infiltrates of paranasal sinus mucosa and adenoid vegetations bioptate would be reasonable.The aim of the research was to study the immunohistochemical content of immunocyte infiltrates of paranasal sinuses adenomatous polyps in biopsy samples of patients suffering from chronic sinusitis.Materials and Methods. Paranasal sinuses adenomatous polyps removed during surgery of 22 patients suffering from chronic maxillary sinusitis were studied. Immunohistochemical studies of paraffin sections of the removed polyps were performed using appropriate primary antibodies and visualization systems DAKO EnVision+ System (DAKO, Denmark).Results. During microscopic investigation of paranasal sinuses adenomatous polyps of the patients suffering from chronic sinusitis, moderate and severe immunocyte infiltration of polyp stroma sometimes with focal follicular structures was presented. Immunohistochemical investigation of the cellular composition of these infiltrates proved the presence of CD8+ T-killer cells, CD4+ T-helper cells, CD68+ macrophages as well as single plasma cells. The irregularity of these cells markers expression was determined in dependence of the severity of inflammatory cell infiltration.Conclusions. In the patients with chronic maxillary polyp sinusitis with mild and moderate immunocyte infiltration of paranasal sinus mucosa, among immune cells the CD4+ T-lymphocytes occupied the most relative area in polyp stroma, plasma cells – the least (р < 0.001). In the patients with significant immunocellular infiltration in immunocyte follicular infiltration of polyp stroma the relative area of CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes significantly exceeded the relative area of macrophages and plasma cells.