Abstract
BackgroundOn the past decade a plethora of investigations were directed on identification of molecules involved in breast tumorogenesis, which could represent a powerful tool for monitoring, diagnostics and treatment of this disease. In current study we analyzed six previously identified medullary breast carcinoma autoantigens including LGALS3BP, RAD50, FAM50A, RBPJ, PABPC4, LRRFIP1 with cancer restricted serological profile in different histological types of breast cancer.MethodsSemi-quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of 20 tissue samples including medullary breast carcinoma, invasive ductal carcinoma, invasive lobular carcinoma and non-cancerous tissues obtained from patients with fibrocystic disease (each of five) was performed using specifically generated polyclonal antibodies. Differences in expression patterns were evaluated considering percent of positively stained cells, insensitivity of staining and subcellular localization in cells of all tissue samples.ResultsAll 6 antigens predominantly expressed in the most cells of all histological types of breast tumors and non-cancerous tissues with slight differences in intensity of staining and subcellular localization. The most significant differences in expression pattern were revealed for RAD50 and LGALS3BP in different histological types of breast cancer and for PABPC4 and FAM50A antigens in immune cells infiltrating breast tumors.ConclusionsThis pilot study made possible to select 4 antigens LGALS3BP, RAD50, PABPC4, and FAM50A as promising candidates for more comprehensive research as potential molecular markers for breast cancer diagnostics and therapy.Virtual slidesThe virtual slides’ for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1860649350796892
Highlights
On the past decade a plethora of investigations were directed on identification of molecules involved in breast tumorogenesis, which could represent a powerful tool for monitoring, diagnostics and treatment of this disease
tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) identified represent a diverse range of cellular proteins, some of which were shown to be implicated in cancer development, lectin, galactoside-binding, soluble, 3 binding protein (LGALS3BP) [38], double-strand break repair factor Human RAD50 S. cerevisiae homolog (RAD50) [39], nuclear protein with unknown function FAM50A [40], poly(A) binding protein cytoplasmic 4 (PABPC4) [41], mediator of Notch signaling RBPJ [42]
For generation of polyclonal antibodies cDNAs of LGALS3BP, RAD50, FAM50A, RBPJ, PABPC4 and LRRFIP1 antigens from medullary breast carcinoma (MBC) λ phage cDNA library were cloned in pGEX4T3 and pET28b plasmid vectors in the frame with GST- and His-tags correspondently for further affine purification (Table 2)
Summary
On the past decade a plethora of investigations were directed on identification of molecules involved in breast tumorogenesis, which could represent a powerful tool for monitoring, diagnostics and treatment of this disease. Identification of biomarkers for early detection and new therapeutic targets of breast cancer helps to continuously reduce the morbidity of this frequent pathology in women. This entails resolving the physiological, cellular and molecular processes underlying the complexity of breast tumor. Development and application of proteomic technologies based on detection of autoantibodies to tumor antigens, including serological identification of antigens by recombinant expression cloning (SEREX) [4,5,6], serological proteome analysis (SEPRA) [7,8,9], multiple affinity protein profiling (MAPPing) [10] and high-density protein microarrays [11] have lead to identification of multiply biomarkers of breast cancer inducing autoantibody response. For example, cyclin B1 was found to change its location in cancer cells and localized predominantly in the cytosol [29], while normally it presents in the nucleus
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