Abstract
Canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) is the etiologic agent of fox encephalitis. As with most viral agents, the best method of prevention is vaccination. In this study, the CAdV-1 strain F1301 strain was used to construct a new type 1 canine adenovirus inactivated vaccine candidate, and its safety and immunogenicity were evaluated in silver foxes. Next, animals were challenged and survival rates of animals vaccinated with either the commercially available or the current candidate vaccine were examined. The results confirmed that the inactivated CAdV-1 vaccine prepared in this study can effectively protect against challenge with virulent CAdV-1 in silver foxes, and the safety profile was improved relative to that of the commercial vaccine. This study confirmed that the fox CAdV-1 F1301 strain can be used as a platform for an inactivated CAdV-1 vaccine.
Highlights
Canine adenoviruses belong to the mastadenovirus genus of mammalian adenoviruses and the Adenoviridae family, which are divided into canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) and canine adenovirus type 2 (CAdV-2)
Confluent Madin-darby canine kidney cell line (MDCK) monolayers were washed with PBS and inoculated with CAdV-1 F1301 suspended in Dulbecco’s modified eagle’s medium (DMEM) (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA)
The results indicate that the inactivated CAdV-1 vaccine was safe
Summary
Canine adenoviruses belong to the mastadenovirus genus of mammalian adenoviruses and the Adenoviridae family, which are divided into canine adenovirus type 1 (CAdV-1) and canine adenovirus type 2 (CAdV-2). Genomic sequence homology between CAdV-1 and CAdV-2 is about 70% [1]. CAdV-2 infects respiratory tissues and induces infectious laryngotracheitis [3]. CAdV-1 infects a wide range of animals, including dogs, foxes, wolves [4], mountain dogs, bears, skunks, and guinea pigs. The CAdV-1 genome is double-stranded DNA approximately 31 kb in size. The morphological and structural characteristics of CAdV-1 are typical of adenoviruses. The protein capsid is composed of 252 subunits, including the hexons, pentons, and fibrils. From the pentons extend a filament capped with a ball structure, the surface of which is coated with hemagglutinin molecules. When the virus infects the host cell, the ball functions as the receptor binding protein to initiate fusion and entry
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