Abstract
1. The presence of a substance P-like peptide in intestinal and body wall tissues, ventral nerve fiber and seminal vesicles of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris has been demonstrated by means of a radioimmunoassay technique. 2. The greatest substance P-like immunoreactivity was measured in intestinal tissues where it stimulates the rate of spontaneous contraction. This effect is inhibited by the substance P antagonist ( d-pro 2. d-trp 7,9)-SP suggesting a possible involvement of receptor mechanisms. 3. Dual localization of substance P-like immunoreactivity in earthworm intestinal and nerve tissues follows the pattern observed of peptidal hormones in vertebrates which are common to both endocrine and non-endocrine tissues.
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