Immunobiologicals in severe asthma: case report

Abstract

According to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), asthma is a chronic-inflammatory respiratory disease, characterized by limitation of expiratory air flow, dyspnea, wheezing and tachypnea, especially at night or in contact with allergens, climate changes or presence of environmental pollution. Among its subtypes, severe asthma stands out, where the symptomatic condition persists despite optimized treatment at advanced levels. The present study is a case report associated with a literature review on the use of immunobiologicals in the clinical treatment of severe asthma. Female patient, 53 years old, history of late-onset asthma at age 25, with frequent exacerbations, using drug therapy based on inhaled corticosteroid (ICS), long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) and a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) in a single inhaler associated with the use of oral corticosteroids. After confirming the diagnosis of severe non-allergic eosinophilic asthma of endotype T2, GINA 5, the patient started treatment with mepolizumab and months later she showed significant improvement with the use of the immunobiological 1x/month and use of ICS associated with LABA. 12/12h, without the need for oral corticosteroids and use of rescue medications less than 2x/week.